Understanding and managing cat diarrhoea

Cat diarrhoea can be a perplexing and distressing issue for many pet parents. Beyond the immediate discomfort and mess, diarrhoea can indicate various underlying health concerns. Understanding the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and preventive measures is crucial for maintaining your feline friend’s health!

This guide offers an in-depth look at cat diarrhoea, providing practical advice and functional tips to help you manage and prevent this common gastrointestinal issue!

What causes cat diarrhoea?
Diarrhea in cats can result from several factors. Here’s a detailed look at the potential causes:

1. Dietary changes
   • Sudden diet switches: Cats are sensitive to abrupt changes in their diet. Introducing new food or treats without a gradual transition can upset their digestive system. Always mix new food with their current diet, gradually increasing the proportion over a week or 10 days, until the pet has accustomed to the change.
   • Inappropriate foods: Some human foods and treats are not suitable for cats. Foods high in fat, sugar, or certain seasonings can disrupt their digestive system or in some cases even be lethal. If you suspect your pet has ingested something harmful bring him to the Vet immediately.
      
2. Food allergies
   • Identifying allergens: Food allergies or intolerances are common in cats and can cause diarrhoea. The most common allergens include beef and dairy, while some grains are also reported to be such. If you suspect a food allergy, consult your Vet to identify the triggering ingredient.
      
3. Infections
   • Bacterial infections: Pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli can cause gastrointestinal upset. These infections may come from a contaminated environment to which the pet’s food or water has been exposed to.
   • Viral Infections: Viruses such as feline panleukopenia can cause severe diarrhea. Ensure your cat is up to date on vaccinations to prevent viral infections.
      
4. Parasites
   • Internal parasites: Worms and protozoa can lead to diarrhea. Regular deworming and stool checks are essential for maintaining your cat’s health, especially for kittens and outdoor cats.
      
5. Underlying health issues
   • Chronic conditions: Conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or hyperthyroidism may present with diarrhea. These are more complex issues that require Veterinary diagnosis and management.
      
6. Toxins
   • Toxic substances: Cats may ingest harmful substances, including toxic plants (like lilies), chemicals, or human foods (such as chocolate or caffeine). Keep such items out of reach and seek immediate veterinary care if ingestion occurs.

Identifying symptoms beyond diarrhoea
In addition to diarrhea itself, watch for these symptoms that can provide clues to the severity and underlying cause:

• Lethargy: If your cat appears unusually tired or less active, it may be a sign of a more serious issue.
   
• Vomiting: Diarrhea accompanied by vomiting could indicate a more severe condition, such as an infection or toxin ingestion.
   
• Changes in appetite: Noticeable changes in appetite, whether reduced or increased, can be a signal of digestive distress or other health concerns.
   
• Frequent litter box visits: An increase in the frequency of visits to the litter box, along with diarrhea, suggests gastrointestinal irritation.

When to consult a Veterinarian
While mild cases of diarrhea might resolve on their own or with the help of dietary changes, certain situations require professional intervention:

• Persistent diarrhoea: If your cat’s diarrhoea lasts more than 24-48 hours, it’s time to consult your Vet. Chronic diarrhoea can lead to dehydration and other complications.
   
• Severe symptoms: Look out for severe dehydration signs, such as dry gums, sunken eyes, and extreme lethargy. These symptoms require immediate Veterinary attention.
   
• Blood in stool: Blood, whether fresh or dark and tarry, can indicate internal bleeding or severe infection. This is a red flag for serious conditions that need prompt diagnosis.
   
• Additional health issues: If diarrhea is accompanied by weight loss, fever, or a significant change in behavior, seek Veterinary advice to address potential underlying conditions.

Home treatment and management
For cases where veterinary care is not immediately necessary, you can manage your cat’s diarrhea with the following steps:

1. Adjust diet
   When facing an upset stomach, cats need for a specific diet designed to be highly digestible and poorly stressful for the digestive system, such as Farmina N&D Quinoa Digestion.
   Avoid overfeeding: Feed smaller, more frequent meals to reduce the strain on your cat’s digestive system.
    
2. Ensure hydration
   • Fresh water: Provide constant access to fresh, clean water to prevent dehydration. Diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss, so maintaining hydration is crucial.
   • Electrolyte solutions: If your cat is dehydrated, your vet might recommend a special electrolyte solution to restore balance.
      
3. Consider probiotics
   • Gut health: Probiotics can help replenish the beneficial bacteria in your cat’s gut. Use only products specifically formulated for cats and follow the dosage instructions provided by your Vet.
      
4. Use medications wisely
   • Veterinary guidance: Only administer medications prescribed by your Vet. Over-the-counter human medications can be harmful to cats and may exacerbate the problem. Moreover, cats weigh around 6kg compared to the 80kg of a human being. This means that using human medications can poison them with a high concentration of medication.
      
5. Monitor and record
   • Track symptoms: Keep a record of your cat’s symptoms, including the frequency and consistency of diarrhea. This information can be valuable for your vet in diagnosing and treating the issue.

Nutritional considerations
A balanced diet is vital for maintaining your cat’s digestive health. Here’s how nutrition plays a role:

• High-quality diet: Ensure your cat’s food is nutritionally balanced and meets their specific dietary needs. Farmina’s recipes are designed by Veterinarians and expert nutritionists, using premium, natural ingredients to provide optimal nutritional value. Our formulas focus on high digestibility and essential nutrients to support overall health, including specialized options that cater to different life stages and health needs.
   
• Gradual food transitions: When changing your cat’s food, do so gradually to avoid upsetting their digestive system. Mix increasing amounts of new food with their old food over a suggested period of 10 days.
  For more details, read our article on How to Transition Your Pet’s Diet Safely. 

Preventing future episodes
To minimize the risk of future diarrhea, consider the following preventive measures:

• Consistent diet: Avoid sudden changes in your cat’s diet. Stick to a consistent feeding routine and gradually introduce any new foods, including snacks and treats.
   
• Safe environment: Keep potentially harmful substances, including toxic plants and chemicals, out of reach. Regularly check your home for potential hazards.
   
• Regular Vet check-ups: Schedule routine veterinary visits to monitor your cat’s health and address any emerging issues early. Regular check-ups can help detect underlying conditions before they become severe.
   
• Clean litter box: Maintain a clean litter box to prevent infections and ensure your cat’s overall health. Regular cleaning reduces the risk of bacterial contamination.

Conclusion
Managing cat diarrhoea involves understanding its potential causes, recognizing accompanying symptoms, and knowing when to seek Veterinary care. With the right approach to diet, hydration, and overall health management, you can effectively address and prevent this common issue. By staying vigilant and proactive, you’ll ensure your furry friend remains happy and healthy, free from the discomfort of digestive disturbances.